Qual é a primeira referência em Sci-Fi para uma interface de computador com tela de toque?

11

Eu sei na TNG que todas as interfaces de computador são agora touch-screen, e isso me fez pensar: quando foi feita a primeira referência a interfaces de computador touch-screen em Sci-Fi?

    
por Often Right 03.04.2014 / 05:48

2 respostas

Bem, eu escrevi sobre o Guide in the Hitchikers Guide para a galáxia (devido à quantidade de blogs e artigos que o mencionaram) que antecedeu a TNG, mas por acaso encontrei este link de outra questão de troca de pilha de scifi: a href="https://scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/33876/fictional-origins-of-touch-and-gesture-technology"> Origens fictícias da tecnologia de toques e gestos

Então eu investiguei sobre o "opton" (mencionado por DVK) de Return from the Stars (1961), por Stanislaw Lem e acontece que ele usa uma interface de toque. Aqui está uma citação do livro, já que a resposta não mencionou:

Chapeter 3:

The bookstore resembled, instead, an electronic laboratory. The books were crystals with recorded contents. They could be read with the aid of an opton, which was similar to a book but had only one page between the covers. At a touch, successive pages of the text appeared on it. But optons were little used, the sales-robot told me

E eu encontrei um exemplo ainda anterior na Fundação de Issac Asimov (1951) com o "bloco de cálculo"

Capítulo 4:

"Before you are done with me, young man, you will learn to apply psychohistory to all problems as a matter of course. –Observe." Seldon removed his calculator pad from the pouch at his belt. Men said he kept one beneath his pillow for use in moments of wakefulness. Its gray, glossy finish was slightly worn by use. Seldon's nimble fingers, spotted now with age, played along the files and rows of buttons that filled its surface. Red symbols glowed out from the upper tier.

Também mencionado em uma das respostas (por DJClayworth) é um exemplo de não-ficção, o "memex", descrito em As We May Think por Vannevar Bush em 1945 link

And his trails do not fade. Several years later, his talk with a friend turns to the queer ways in which a people resist innovations, even of vital interest. He has an example, in the fact that the outraged Europeans still failed to adopt the Turkish bow. In fact he has a trail on it. A touch brings up the code book. Tapping a few keys projects the head of the trail. A lever runs through it at will, stopping at interesting items, going off on side excursions. It is an interesting trail, pertinent to the discussion. So he sets a reproducer in action, photographs the whole trail out, and passes it to his friend for insertion in his own memex, there to be linked into the more general trail.

    
07.05.2014 / 21:42

Uma possível menção ligeiramente anterior - 1941 - é a história da nave de geração de Robert A Heinlein Órfãos do Céu , composto de duas partes: "Universo" ( Astounding Science Fiction , maio de 1941) e sua sequência, "Senso Comum" ( Astounding Science Fiction , outubro de 1941). As duas novelas foram publicadas pela primeira vez juntas em forma de livro em 1963. "Universe" também foi publicado separadamente em 1951 como um paperback de 10 ¢ da Dell. Essas obras contêm uma das primeiras representações fictícias de um navio de geração.

Embora eu não tenha certeza se ele tem uma tela de toque moderna, como parte da descrição de como o navio foi construído para durar por gerações, ele menciona especificamente controles sem botão - você coloca a mão sobre algumas luzes para ativar coisas. Não tenho certeza se isso precisa de um toque real ou não, mas é o mesmo tipo de ideia. Faz anos que eu não o lembro, então não me lembro se a idéia moderna de tocar em um display mutável em vez de tocar em botões fixos (embora possa ter algum feedback para controles de empuxo ao estilo slider, pelo menos) . Mas como um dos personagens faz alguma interação com o computador de bordo depois, parece provável que tenha pelo menos o equivalente a um teclado de toque.

O maio de 1941 Astounding está disponível no Internet Archive .

24, Joe-Jim abre a porta da sala de controle principal:

He found what he sought, a man-sized door, closed, its presence distinguishable only by a faint crack which marked its outline and a cursive geometrical design on its surface. Joe-Jim studied this and scratched his right-hand head. The two heads whispered to each other, Joe-Jim raised his hand in an awkward gesture.

“No, no!” said Jim. Joe-Jim checked himself. “How’s that?” Joe answered. They whispered together again, Joe nodded, and Joe-Jim again raised his hand.

He traced the design on the door without touching it, moving his forefinger through the air perhaps four inches from the surface of the door. The order of succession in which his finger moved over the lines of the design appeared simple but certainly not obvious.

Finished, he shoved a palm against the adjacent bulkhead, drifted back from the door, and waited.

A moment later there was a soft, almost inaudible insufflation; the door stirred and moved outward perhaps six inches, then stopped.

29, o desenho do navio:

The long-forgotten engineer-designers employed by the Jordan Foundation had been instructed to design a ship that would not—could not—wear out, even though the Trip were protracted beyond the expected sixty years. They builded better than they knew. In planning the main drive engines and the auxiliary machinery, largely automatic, which would make the Ship habitable, and in designing the controls necessary to handle all machinery not entirely automatic the very idea of moving parts had been rejected. The engines and auxiliary equipment worked on a level below mechanical motion, on a level of pure force, as electrical transformers do. Instead of push buttons, levers, cams, and shafts, the controls and the machinery they served were planned in terms of balance between static fields, bias of electronic flow, circuits broken or closed by a hand placed over a light.

On this level of action, friction lost its meaning, wear and erosion took no toll. Had all hands been killed in the mutiny, the Ship would still have plunged on through space, still lighted, its air still fresh and moist, its engines ready and waiting.

    
29.10.2016 / 17:53