Sim, ambos os pilotos são obrigados a ver e evitar em todos os momentos quando operam em condições de VMC. Normalmente, os pilotos militares têm radar usado para pegar outras aeronaves que podem ajudá-los, mas, finalmente, ainda se trata de olhar para fora.
Nós temos rotas de treinamento militar mapeadas nos EUA que são usadas por aeronaves militares quando operando em alta velocidade, e o piloto deve estar especialmente vigilante quando estiver operando nas proximidades de uma dessas rotas. Use todas as informações disponíveis: acompanhe o voo e entre em contato com a frequência no gráfico para obter informações operacionais atualizadas e, acima de tudo, fique de olho nelas!
O Guia de Usuários de Cartas Aeronáuticas mostra um exemplo de como eles são mapeados em VFR Gráficos:
Military Training Routes (MTRs) are shown on Sectionals and TACs.
They are identified by the route designator: . Route
designators are shown in solid black on the route centerline,
positioned along the route for continuity. The designator IR or VR is
not repeated when two or more routes are established over the same
airspace, e.g., IR201- 205-227. Routes numbered 001 to 099 are shown
as IR1 or VR99, eliminating the initial zeros. Direction of flight
along the route is indicated by small arrowheads adjacent to and in
conjunction with each route designator.
The following note appears on Sectionals and TACs covering the
conterminous United States.
There are IFR (IR) and VFR (VR) routes as follows: Route
identification: a. Routes at or below 1500’ AGL (with no segment
above 1500’) are identified by four-digit numbers; e.g., VR1007, etc.
These routes are generally developed for flight under Visual Flight
Rules. b. Routes above 1500’ AGL (some segments of these routes may
be below 1500’) are identified by three or fewer digit numbers; e.g.,
IR21, VR302, etc. These routes are developed for flight under
Instrument Flight Rules.
MTRs can vary in width from 4 to 16 miles. Detailed route width
information is available in the Flight Information Publication (FLIP)
AP/1B (a DoD publication), or in the Digital Aeronautical Chart
Supplement (DACS) produced by AeroNav Products. Special Military
Activity areas are indicated on the Sectionals by a boxed note in
black type. The note contains radio frequency information for
obtaining area activity status.
Em gráficos IFR, eles são semelhantes:
MILITARY TRAINING ROUTES (MTRs)
Military Training Routes (MTRs) are routes established for the
conduct of low-altitude, high-speed military flight training
(generally below 10,000 feet MSL at airspeeds in excess of 250 knots
Indicated Air Speed). These routes are depicted in brown on Enroute
Low Altitude Charts, and are not shown on inset charts or on IFR
Enroute High Altitude Charts. Enroute Low Altitude Charts depict all
IR (IFR Military Training Route) and VR (VFR Military Training Route)
routes, except those VRs that are entirely at or below 1,500 feet
AGL. Military Training Routes are identified by designators (IR-107,
VR-134) which are shown in brown on the route centerline. Arrows are
shown to indicate the direction of flight along the route. The width
of the route determines the width of the line that is plotted on the
chart:
Route segments with a width of 5 NM or less, both sides of the
centerline, are shown by a .02” line.
Route segments with a width greater than 5 NM, either or both sides
of the centerline, are shown by a .035” line.
MTRs for particular chart pairs (ex. L1/2, etc.) are alphabetically,
then numerically tabulated. The tabulation includes MTR type and
unique ident and altitude range.
No que diz respeito a quem é o culpado, é uma responsabilidade conjunta, de modo que todos seriam na maioria dos casos.