Provavelmente não.
De acordo com Memória Alfa
Spock's homeworld was originally to have been Mars. At a time when Vulcans were known as Vulcanians, their home planet was to have been named Vulcanis. (Star Trek: The Magazine Volume 1, Issue 2, p. 82) This name was in fact used in an NBC promotional booklet announcing the first season of Star Trek: The Original Series, the 1966/1967 season.
The name was also used during early production of that first season but was changed to "Vulcan" soon thereafter. ("Amok Time" text commentary, TOS Season 1 DVD) The planet was referred to with that name in the final draft script of "Mudd's Women" (dated 26 May 1966), in which Kirk admitted to having been on Vulcan (though he didn't go into any further detail about the planet).
Parece mais provável que a referência fosse ao Vulcano mitológico e não ao objeto astral putativo.
O look do Vulcan de Star Trek não foi sequer decidido até a Temporada 2 do TOS, quando Amok Time foi ao ar. um planeta quente (como o planeta desaparecido proposto) parece improvável.
In the first scripted [for Amok Time] description of an orbital view of the planet, Vulcan is characterized as "a 'hot' planet... yellow, orange... no cool colors about it."