O site do Spidey é discutido até a morte no wiki da Marvel, com muito mais detalhes do que a maioria das pessoas se importa para saber.
Relevante:
Spider-Man's web-shooters are twin devices worn on his wrists which can shoot thin strands of special "web fluid" at high pressure. The web fluid is a shear-thinning liquid (virtually solid until a shearing force is applied to it, rendering it fluid) whose exact formula is as yet unknown, but is related to nylon. On contact with air, the long-chain polymer knits and forms an extremely tough, flexible fiber with extraordinary adhesive properties. The web fluid's adhesive quality diminishes rapidly with exposure to air. (Where it does not make contact with air, such as the attachment disk of the web-shooter, it remains very adhesive.) After about one to two hours, certain imbibed esters cause the solid form of the web fluid to dissolve into a powder. Because the fluid almost instantly sublimates from solid to liquid when under shear pressure, and is not adhesive in its anaerobic liquid/solid phase transition point, there is no clogging of the web-shooter's parts.
Então é mais nylon que seda de aranha.
Dito isto, Parker trabalhou com ele para mudar suas propriedades antes. Ele usou um cinto especial contra muitos vilões, como Hydroman, Electro e Sandman.
Você pode encontrar mais detalhes sobre essa teia em Wikipedia .