Sim.
De um site de vistos (já que o link original da Embassy está morto, mas com o mesmo conteúdo) :
Pergunta:
Can I travel to the United States on the Visa Waiver Program to find a job or attend interviews and then apply for the E-3 visa once I return to Australia?
Resposta:
Yes, you can travel on the Visa Waiver Program (VWP) if you meet the requirements (please see our page on the Visa Waiver Program). If you do not meet the VWP requirements, you may be eligible to travel on the B-1/B-2 Combined Visa for Business or Pleasure.
You must leave the United States before applying for your E-3 visa.