Sim, você certamente pode fazer isso. É referido como um circuito de derivação de fio múltiplo. As duas pernas quentes compartilham o neutro. É bastante comum.
Nota: Certifique-se de pigtail os fios neutros e terra, não os encadeie através dos receptáculos.
Aqui está uma referência pertinente do National Electrical Code:
210.4 Multiwire Branch Circuits.
(A) General. Branch circuits recognized by this article shall be permitted as multiwire circuits. A multiwire circuit shall be permitted to be considered as multiple circuits. All conductors of a multiwire branch circuit shall originate from the same panelboard or similar distribution equipment.
Informational Note No. 2: See 300.13(B) for continuity of grounded conductors on multiwire circuits.
(B) Disconnecting Means. Each multiwire branch circuit shall be provided with a means that will simultaneously disconnect all ungrounded conductors at the point where the branch circuit originates.
Informational Note: See 240.15(B) for information on the use of single-pole circuit breakers as the disconnecting means.
(C) Line-to-Neutral Loads. Multiwire branch circuits shall supply only line-to-neutral loads.
Exception No. 1: A multiwire branch circuit that supplies only one utilization equipment.
Exception No. 2: Where all ungrounded conductors of the multiwire branch circuit are opened simultaneously by the branch-circuit overcurrent device.
Boa sorte!