Isso acontece na história de van Vogt "The Storm".
And still everything was according to the original purpose of the superb engineering firm that had built her. The limit of unit strain reached, she dissolved into her nine thousand separate sections. Streamlined needles of metal were those sections, four hundred feet long, forty feet wide; sliverlike shapes that sinuated cunningly through the gases, letting the pressure of them slide off their smooth hides.
Não é um romance, porém, mas pode ter sido incorporado em um.
Está online aqui: https://archive.org/details/Astounding_v32n02_1943-10_cape1736/page/n7
Nota: o link original que eu postei me enganou quanto ao nome da história curta. O romance de adaptação "The Mixed Men" é o mesmo.
Obrigado aos comentadores por me ajudarem a "consertar" esta resposta.