Por que os pilotos deixariam o cockpit em um vôo curto?

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Eu li ocasionalmente sobre pilotos sendo trancados fora do cockpit em vôo, e queria saber:

Por que um piloto pode deixar o cockpit durante um vôo curto (1-2 horas)?

    
por Juan Mateo 26.03.2015 / 17:55

2 respostas

O cockpit de alguns aviões não tem um banheiro.


Layout do cockpit de AviationKnowledge.wikidot

Isso é discutido em Skybrary: Segurança da plataforma de voo

Locked Door Flight Safety Issues
...
Physiological Need. Naturally, the need for flight crew to use toilets, access designated crew rest facilities or be supplied with food and drink, requires access through the flight deck door during flight. Procedures for door opening mean that egress and access will take longer with the result that the flight deck crew are not always able to go to the toilet at a time of their exact choice, which may cause them to be distracted and, exceptionally, might exacerbate an existing underlying medical issue in a way that would not otherwise have occurred.
...
Longer term, design change could also ensure that all operating flight crew should be secured on the flight-deck before the passenger boarding doors are closed prior to departure and remain secured on the flight-deck until after the passenger doors are opened at the destination. This would prevent any unlawful entry from the cabin and minimise any unlawful seizure by a single flight crew member.
To enable this, existing aircraft could be modified and new aircraft designed with all required crew facilities forward of the secure flight-deck door. On short/medium haul aircraft this would require a toilet, safe food & water storage and a reclining crew rest seat. Additionally on aircraft used for long range operations where in-flight relief is required provision of bunk/s. This is not a new concept, many long range aircraft already have toilet and crew rest facilities forward of the secure flight-deck door.

    
26.03.2015 / 18:01

A FAA fornece as seguintes razões pelas quais um piloto pode deixar seu posto de serviço designado (isto é, seu assento no convés de vôo) em 14 CFR §121.543 Tripulação de vôo em controles :

(b) A required flight crewmember may leave the assigned duty station—

(1) If the crewmember's absence is necessary for the performance of duties in connection with the operation of the aircraft;

(2) If the crewmember's absence is in connection with physiological needs; or

(3) If the crewmember is taking a rest period, and relief is provided—

O caso nº 3 geralmente se aplica apenas a voos de longa distância, em que um ou dois pilotos de socorro alternarão o trabalho com os pilotos iniciais, permitindo que cada um deles tenha um período de descanso.

A EASA da Europa tem regulamentos semelhantes. Consulte CAT.OP.MPA.210 neste documento (nas páginas 101- 102).

CAT.OP.MPA.210 Crew members at stations

(a) Flight crew members

(1) During take-off and landing each flight crew member required to be on duty in the flight crew compartment shall be at the assigned station.

(2) During all other phases of flight each flight crew member required to be on duty in the flight crew compartment shall remain at the assigned station, unless absence is necessary for the performance of duties in connection with the operation or for physiological needs, provided at least one suitably qualified pilot remains at the controls of the aircraft at all times.

Então, em resumo, um piloto pode deixar a cabine de pilotagem em voos curtos se:

1) O piloto precisa ir ao banheiro.

2) O piloto precisa executar alguma ação relevante para pilotar o avião (por exemplo, ir até os fundos para inspecionar fisicamente uma parte do avião, como em QF32 ou United 811 .

Pergunta relacionada cujas respostas também mencionam esses regulamentos: São necessárias duas pessoas no cockpit em todos os momentos em grandes aeronaves comerciais?

    
26.03.2015 / 21:06