Poderia usar mais detalhes, mas a história soa vagamente como Rogue Moon de Algis Budrys (1960), publicado no romance e comprimentos de novela e adaptados como uma peça de rádio. Está descrito aqui na Wikipedia:
Dr. Edward Hawks runs a top-secret project for the U.S. Navy, using the facilities of Continental Electronics to investigate a large, deadly alien artifact found on the Moon. Volunteers enter and explore it, but are inevitably killed for violating the unknown alien rules in force within the structure. Hawks "must continue to send duplicates into the artifact, however, because each one moves a little closer to finding a way through the alien labyrinth" and, thus, closer to understanding what it is.
Hawks has created a matter transmitter, one which scans a person or object to make a copy at the receivers on the Moon. The earthbound copy is placed in a state of sensory deprivation which allows him to share the experiences of the doppelgänger. However, none of the participants have been able to stay sane after experiencing death second hand.
Barker is the first to retain his sanity, but even he is deeply affected the first time, exclaiming, "...it didn't care! I was nothing to it!" He returns again and again to the challenge, advancing a little further each time.
Se não é a história em questão, parece claramente uma inspiração. (Vejo que há várias outras perguntas no site para as quais Rogue Moon foi sugerido como resposta, então isso pode acabar sendo marcado como duplicado.)