Ahem. I was there.
In CHAINMAIL there were wizards that functioned as artillery.
Then there was Dave Arneson's first miniatures/roleplaying campaign. Some players were 'good guys' and some players were 'bad guys' and Dave was the referee.
One of the 'bad guys' wanted to play a Vampire. He was extremely smart and capable, and as he got more and more experience he got tougher and tougher.
This was the early 70s, so the model for 'vampire' was Christopher Lee in Hammer films. No deep folklore [stuff].
Well, after a time, nobody could touch Sir Fang. Yes, that was his name.
To fix the threatened end of the game they came up with a character that was, at first, a 'vampire hunter'. Peter Cushing in the same films.
As the rough specs were drawn up, comments about the need for healing and for curing disease came up.
Ta da, the "priest" was born. Changed later to 'cleric'.
The bit about edged weapons was from Gary's reading the old stories about Archbishop Turpin [ed: later clarified to be Bishop Odo], who wielded a mace because he didn't want to shed blood ("who lives by the sword dies by the sword").
In other words, it came about the same way that 90% of the D&D rules came about :
WE MADE UP SOME [STUFF] THAT WE THOUGHT WOULD BE FUN.
Como ele diz, os clérigos foram parcialmente inspirados por histórias e equívocos sobre os sacerdotes guerreiros históricos, como Turpin da Canção de Roland e Odo , uma figura proeminente na Tapeçaria de Bayeux. A idéia de lutar contra clérigos prometendo evitar derramar sangue com suas armas é nem um pouco historicamente precisa , mas é uma imagem popular em algumas lendas e pseudo-história vitoriana, e também aparece na ficção de fantasia dos anos 60 e 70 (por exemplo, de acordo com a Wikipedia, O Rei Uma Vez e Futuro ). >
Até onde eu sei, não havia nenhuma razão original além do sabor. Maces são geralmente um pouco mais fracas que espadas na maioria das edições de D & D, mas OD & D usado direto d6 para Rolos de dano de arma ; Eu acho que nesse estágio o jogo tinha outros mecanismos de "balanceamento", então o dano das armas não era grande. Eu não posso dizer se Gygax realmente acreditava que a imagem do clérigo lutando com armas apenas brutas era histórica - lembre-se, o principal objetivo de D & D era sempre imitar a ficção de fantasia favorita dos criadores, não a história real - mas ele claramente gostou o suficiente para fazer parte do jogo.